منابع مشابه
CTL Escape and Viral Fitness in HIV/SIV Infection
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses exert a suppressive effect on HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) replication. Under the CTL pressure, viral CTL escape mutations are frequently selected with viral fitness costs. Viruses with such CTL escape mutations often need additional viral genome mutations for recovery of viral fitness. Persistent HIV/SIV infection sometimes shows replacemen...
متن کاملVirus escape from CTL recognition
C lass I MHC-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) have been demonstrated to have potent antiviral activity both in vitro and in vivo (1-3). It is therefore not surprising that viruses have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to escape the effects of CTL. Almost by definition, a persistent virus is one that has evolved some mechanism for avoiding the CTL response of the host. In most persistent...
متن کاملhbsag variants: common escape issues
abstract mutations have been described in all of the four open reading frames of the hepatitis b virus (hbv), however, from a clinical perspective the surface escape mutant is the most troublesome. hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) variants may impair diagnosis, or allow the virus to escape vaccine-induced immunity or passive immunoglobulin therapy. hbv mutants with amino acid substitutions, ...
متن کاملTransmission of HIV-1 CTL Escape Variants Provides HLA-Mismatched Recipients with a Survival Advantage
One of the most important genetic factors known to affect the rate of disease progression in HIV-infected individuals is the genotype at the Class I Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) locus, which determines the HIV peptides targeted by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). Individuals with HLA-B*57 or B*5801 alleles, for example, target functionally important parts of the Gag protein. Mutants that escape...
متن کاملTransmission and accumulation of CTL escape variants drive negative associations between HIV polymorphisms and HLA
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 amino acid sequence polymorphisms associated with expression of specific human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I alleles suggest sites of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated selection pressure and immune escape. The associations most frequently observed are between expression of an HLA class I molecule and variation from the consensus sequ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Virology
سال: 1995
ISSN: 0042-6822
DOI: 10.1006/viro.1995.1426